Camera-shutter.



J. TNDBR. CAMERA SHUTTER. APPLICAMUN HLBD APR.13.1914.

Patented Feb. 23, 1915.

2 SHBETSSHEET l.

A J. UNDER.

CAMERA SHUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED APR.13,1Q14. 1,129,303 v IPatented; Feb. 23, 1915.

I :a sHBBTs-sHEET 2,

L21) talt/whom it may conc-cm Beit known that I, JOHN Linnen, a'subof the King of Sweden, residing at 'Spkane, in the county of Spokane and lsfState of Washington, have inventedfnew 'and useful Improvements in CameraaShuh jders, `of which the following is a specifica# 4tin. y

' l'I his invention relates to improvements photographic 4apparatus and has to do ,iiiorepparticularly with an improved form ",ofsliutte'r, novel operating means therefor `i,whereby various characters of 'operation of fthe` shutter may be obtained.

A. voperating mechanism Wliich'can be varied .i-indtsi operation with respect to` time, and withrespect-to what `is known as instan- .',taneous exposures, and also, with respect 52m-to what is known as bulb exposures, this f@ cature of my invention including various Y.:independently and interdependently acting eans.

)therffeatures of novelty will be more `lyf,described in connection with the accompanying drawings `and which will be more particularly pointed out in and by the appended claims In the drawings Oure 1 is a View in elei n ""3`0vva`tion. of the shutter and its mechanism with the same illustrated in a closed posi- .ti'oni Fig. 2 is a vieiv of the-'shutter controlling mechanism when the same is about tofvtrip to open the shutters. Fig. 3 is a.

isfjviewl similar to Fig. 1, vivi'tl'i the shutter.

open. Fig. -1 is a view showing `the shutter Aoperating mechanism in one self sustaining position .which it would assume for a bulb enposure. Fig. 5 is a View 1n perspective i ofal portion of the shutter operating mechanism for ,varying the time or duration of faction: of the shutters. Fig. 6 is a perspective vieiv of a mastervshutter operating :member shown detached. Fig. 7.1s an edge "-"4'5 "view said member. Fig. 8 isa fragmen- .Li-La'iI-yfperspective vieiv of another portion offr'the shutter 'operating mechanism. Fig.

'Qisl'a similar view of still another portionv thereof. Fig'. 10 is a detail detached er- 'S'pe'ctilve'view l.of a blade operating mem er.

Figs.; ll and 12 are fragmentaryyface views "of .the exterior'of the shutter' casing showingfimproved mechanism thereon.' 4. .Lile characters of reference designate similar parts throughout the different iigures of the drawings.

I will first describe my improved shutter i 4N STATsiPArnNr on JOHN LINDEB, or sPoK-ANE, WASHINGTON.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb, 23, 193,53 Application led April 13, 1914. Serial No. 831,551.

Y. further object is to provide shutter CAMERA-snowman..

by the iris diaphragm Lleaves 5. The bladeV 2 has bearing portions 6 and 7 for sliding engagement against. the walls of the shutter case l, and the bearing portion 7 is e1ongated to Aform a connecting arinS.- The shutter blade 3 is forked, as indicated at 9 and 10, for engagement With thewalls of the shutter case 1, it being understood that the forked bearing portions 9 and 10 and the bearing portions 6 and- 7 function to hold the shutter blades to straight lines of movement.

A novel feature is embodied in my improved shutter blades which consistsinproviding each blade with a shutter or closing edge which is continuously and substantially straight and which extends diametrically across the lens opening, .the length of the edges being greater even than .the opening provided by the irisdiaphragm leaves thereby insuring a' full capacity7 for light relation, as will be clearly seen by reference 'to Fig. 1. The blade 3 is provided with an extension or arm 13, the purpose of which .vill now be described.

A blade operating member is shown in detail more clearly in Fig. 10, in the form of a bar having an end 14: pivotally connected in a socket 15 with the blade arm 13, and an end -16 pivotally connected in a socket 17 with the blade arm 8. The blade operating bar is provided between its ends with bent over bearing lips 18 and 19 which' are suit ably apertured to turn on a iixed spindle 20, mounted on the shutter case. ing bar or member is provided with an actuatingI projection 21 and with .a Adash pot The operattiming arm 22, the latter having al bent or l.

crank end 23.

In Figs. 6 and 7 I have shown lin detail, a

master operating member having an actuating edge`24.- adapted for engagement in sliding contact against lug 21 tovmove the operating bar in one direction, which in the presf of movement. The master operating member is provided. vv-ith a pivot end for engagement on a pivot spindle 26 to' guide the master operating member in its swinging movement, as will hereinafter more fully appear. The master operating member is pro-V vided with an extension 27 having a resilient hooked-end 28 adapted to be s rung y spindle `29, away from. the shoulder end 30 until the parts reach. approximately Athe position shown in Fig. Continued movement` of the master member to the left will cause the hooked-end 28 to move around the shoulder end 30 at that stage whichmay be termed the full blade opening. position. Immediately after release of the hookedend 28, the actuating edge 24 will engage projection 21 and reverse movement ot the blade actuating bar to the position shown in Fig. l to close the blades 2 and 3. Thus it will be seen that movement of the master member from 'a right hand position to av left hand position functions to first open and' then close the blades without necessitating reversal of movement of thev master member, which reversal would necessarily involve a minute but material loss vof time which-Would render the device less efficient.

When the master member is returned from the position shown in Fig. 1 to the position shown in Fig. 2, the resilient hookedend 28 will be sprung or flipped over the shoulder 29 in a manner todispose said hooked-end 28 in a position to advance the v blades. l

Cri

. spring Movement of the master member to open and close the blades for instantaneous work Which'is Anew' and has been heretofore considered, is effected by means of a spring 31 which is shown Wound" or convoluted about a spring post 32, `one end 33 being extended` from the post and bent at 34 to project downwardly, and-at 35- to form a hook-end for projection through a slot 36 ina flange 37 of the master member.

slot provides for the necessary relative movement of the spring with respect to the master member as will be seen by reference to Figs. l to 3. The remaining end of the for a purpose which will hereinafter appear.

I will next describe the actuating mechanism for retracting the master member to a The f 38, functions in a' novel Way and starting position against the' action of spring 31. On the 'out side and front face of the shutter case 1, see Fig. 12,'1 pivotavlly mount a bell-crank lever having arms 39 and 40. The bell-crank lever is pivoted at 41 and I provide a stop 42 for limiting movement o said lever in one direction. An actuatingmeans may be connected with arm 39, in any desired manner, not shown, to shift arms 39 and 40 of-the bell-crank lever from the full line to the dotted line position, as shown in Fig. 12.

Inasmuch as all of the foregoing structure is old, excepting the bell-crank'lever, I'do not deem it necessary to' further particularize regarding the same.

Revel-ting to the bell-crank lever, arm 40 thereof slidably engages an arm 54 which is mounted .upon a spindle 55, and movement of the bell-crank lever from the full line to the dotted line position, will move arm 54 to the left of. Fig. 12 thereby rotating spindle 55 to the right ofFigs. l and 9. 0n the spindle 55'1' mount a master member actuating arm 56 which is' provided ywith a recessed portion 57 forming a shoulder in Whichy an end 58 of an operating spring 59 seats. The spring 59 is wound about post 32 and the remaining end- 60 abuts against the shutter case 1, as will be clearly seen by reference to Fig. 9. This spring 459 functions to maintain the bell-` crank lever lin the full line position shown in- Fig. 12 and operation, of the bell-crank lever bythe .pressure members 48 and 47 is against the action of spring 59. 1

l will next describe `the manner in which arm 56' retracts and-releases the master operating member. 'lOn mount a trip or release spring 61, the free end 62 of which is tensioned to bend away from the flange 37 and toward the arm 56. It Will also be noted by reference to Fig. (i, that the releasing'end 62,l extends beyond the flange/37. Flange 37 is slightly beveled as indicated at 63, to facilitate movement yof the arm 'from a position behind to` a position in front of the flange ,37.1 The recessed portion 57 forms an abutment (54' for engagement with the'shutter case 1 to limit movement of the spindle beyond the position shown in Figs. 9 and 12, under the. action of spring 59. Now with theparts inl a position shown in Fig. 1, which is a blade closing position, we will assume that the" bell-crank lever is actuated to swing the arm ll() `tothe dotted line position, This will first` the flange 37 I.

engage arm 56 with spring (il and as' the master operating member moves to the right, as shown in Fig. 2, the end of armrt will ride along spring 61 until it reaches the rcleasing end-62 thereof and it will finally be moved over and beyond the releasing Aend 62 when the master operating member has been shifted into a retracted position, thereby freeinga-tlle niastergr 1 operating memberr for blade opening and closing movement to the left of Fig. 2,under action of spring 31. In

to hold; the' buffer to a straight line of movement.. A buffer spring 70 is coiled about a post 71, and one end 7 2 is bent to lie against the shutter case 1, at 73, the free end 'Hvbearing against the buffer to advance the same toward the blade operating member. As the' blades2 and B approach a closing'position, the blade operating member will strike the buffer, as shown in Fig. l', and the buffer will cushion arresting movement of'th"bladefoperating member'so as to 'neutralize any rebounding action. The

remaining end of spring 70 functions in a novel mannerand for a purpose which will hereinafter appear. yIt may be stated, at this-point`, thgt the bladev operating member may be held on the spindle 2O by a leaf retainer 75, "fixed tothe shutter case at T6, and having a free end 77 which lis arranged to overlap flip" 18. The free'iend 77 is slightly beveled, as indicated at 78, to. avoid engagement with the -spindle 20.

I will next describe various novel means for timing the action of the shutter blades 2 and3 tovaryV the periods of exposure and While these features relate more particularly and will be used to a greater extent. in

'timedwexposurem they also function advantageously 'in ,connection 4with instantaneous or snapshot work.' A' resistance or dashfpot device is provided.A which includes a cylinder 79 -and 'a piston 80. The piston 80 `-is provided-with avpiston ,rod 82 which is pivotally connected with the piston 80, at 83. vThe upper end of the piston rod 82 is pivoted to a crankedterminal 84: of a retarder springS, and'in'the present construction, the retarderspring 85 may be the remaining end of the buffer spring 70. The

retarder spring 85 is tensioned/to normally movethe piston 80 intoafretracted position or towardnthe open 'end of the cylinder 79 'for a fullwstrokec'of the piston therebyprolonging exposurel by. slowing up the closing movement of the shutter blades. The 'rel tarder spring 85 isprovidedwith fa modifying terminal 86,. a'cting .in ja manner .j which will-presently appean.- A modifying element 87 is shown in the form of a bar f vided with Iextensions-1 @"9,93rfor holding the." `.pivot spindle '2G von which the master `operharig-"Ta bent end 88 which isprovided with trunnions 89 and 90. Trunnion 89 is journaled 4to the case l ina staple 91 and trunnion 90^may be directly `journaled in one Wall of the case l. The bent end 88Ais proating `,Inelnlgner-ispivoted to swing. It 'will be not-edy that adjustment 'of the modifying end 28 will release the blade operating member more quickly.

I will next describe the manner in which y'the modifying element 87 is adjusted. y0n

the front of the shutter case 1, I pivot a time exposure index arm 93, the free' end of.' v

which traverses a graduated segment 94: on the shutter case. stop 95 limits movement of the index a'rm toward the vposition shown in Fig. 11 which willbe its adjustment for bulb exposure. Adjustment of the free-end to the right of Fig. 1l will be made 'for various snap shot exposures. The pivot of said arm is journal'ed in the shutter` case-.1 and terminates in a bent end 96 having an adjusting 'pin 97. The pivot r'of said arm 953 is in the form of a spindle 98, one portion thereof being journaled to the case 1 at 99. Before describing the adjustingA connection of arm 93 with modifying element 87, l will describe a novel feature by means of which the arm 93 will always be in a snap shot adjustment when the camera is closed, and thereforejii'hen it is opened. The arm 93 is provided with projections 100'whih will project beyond the margin of the case l vmodifying element 87 is provided with a lug 103 which coactsjwith the inclined modifying terminal 86 of spring 85. When arm-93 is in a snap shot adjustment, bent end 96 'will occupy. the positions shown inthe snap shot adjustment in Figs. 1, 2 and 23 and this will dispose the llng 103 near the venting upward or retracted movement of piston 80 under the action of spring 85 for a full retracted stroke movement, and lim- `outer portion. of terminal 86 thereby preiting piston 80'to`a relatively y short stroke movement As modifying 'element 87 is adl.

justed' to the right, as shown in l`ig.v 4,.it

will dispose the lug 103. .in the path of a 'more downwardly inclined portion of the terminal 86 thereby permitting the piston 80 to move upwardly a greater distance and correspondingly increasing its length of stroke.

1t will be noted that the dash pot device acts as aresistance, and as there is nothingA novel in a dash-pet device, per se, it will be understood that throughout'tlie specification and claims I will use the term dash pot device as being broad. enough to cover a resistance device. Attention is directed to the v d interdependent coaction between the modifythe action of the spring whichoperatesfthe master member. End 38 of spring 31 is dis- .posed at one side of a pin l04.which is mounted on the bent or cranked end 96. Now it will he clear that the action of spring 31 will be weakened when the pin 104 is in the timed exposure adjustment shown in Fig. 4, and likewise, the spring 31 will be tensioned to act more strongly on the master member'when the pin-104 is in the snap shot adjustment shown in Fig. 1. Thus the rapidity of action of the master member will be materially lessened for timed exposure and will be materially increased for snap shot work.

I will now describe another feature whereby movement of the shutters may be retarded for timed exposures. Arm 22 on the blade operating member, is arrangedfor engagement with spring 85 on movement of the blade operating member toward a blade opening 'position for timed exposures so as to resist opening movement of the blades by i reason of the fact that downward movement of the piston must necessarily precede opening movement of the blades. In the snap shot adjustment shown vin Fig. 3, only a slight downward movement of the piston 8O results from engagement of the spring by :23, by reason ofthe Jfact that the lug 103 engages the highest point ot the termina-l 86. However, in the Fig. Ll adjustment, for timed exposures, the lug 103 engages the terminal 86, at a lower point, thereby permitting the spring 85 to elevate piston 80 to a higl'ier point. Thus it will be necessary for 23 to move the pistonv80 downwardly a gr:-:ter distance while the blades are opened thereby retarding opening movement. 1 t

Villien the modifying element is adjusted to the bulb exposure position shown in Fig.

4, a locking end 105 thereof will be disposed eneath spring end 58 and an elbow 106 `ill engage a retainer lug 107 and hold the' pivotal master member, en which such lug is'formed, in a retracted'position against movement to the leit of Fig. 4, as long as arm in the extreme position shown inl Fig. 4. In this adjustment of rthe parts, abutment 64 functions as a shoulder to engagement with 105. Of course when arm 56 is released for return movement, then hold 58 in 56 is held the elbow 106 recoils to normal permitting final .movement of the master member to close the blades. In the sna shot and timed adjustment it will be rea ily seen that part 105 will not be in a position to be engaged by 58 and therefore elbow 106 will y not enga e retaininglug 107.

y While havehercin shown and described one specific form of my'invention I do not wish to be limited thereto except for such limitations as the claims may import.

1'. In a photographic shutter, sli-utter blades, an operating member connected with said blades, pivotally mounted master means movable in one direction for actuating said member to -o en and close said blades, and

means for shifting vthe pivotal mounting: of

said master means to vary, the action thereof on said member, substantially as de- `scribed. 'y

2. In a' photographic shutter, shutter blades, anv operating member pvotally' mounted between its ends and having its ends pivotally connected with said blades, pivotally mounted master means movable in one direction for successively engaging said member slidably at points opposite ythe pivotal. mounting of said member, and means forb shifting `the pivotal mounting of said master means `to vary the action thereof on said member, substantially as described.

In 4a photographic shutter, shutter blades, 'anoperating vmember `pivotally mounted between its ends and having its ends pivotally connected with said blades, pivotally mountedv master means for successively points opposite the pivotal .mounting of said member, and means `for shifting the mounting of said master means to vary the action thereof on said member, substantially as described.

4.111 a photographic shutter, shutter blades, an operating member connected with said blades, pivotally mounted master means for actuating said member to open and close said blades, and means for shifting the pivotal mounting of said master means to lvary the action thereof on said member, substantially as described.

In .a photographic shutter, shutter blades` a pivotally mounted operating bar connected with said blades and yhaving a engaging said member slidably at` shoulder provided with a shoulder end, a

pivotally mounted imaster member having a portion engaging'said shoulder vand relso ist

i said bar having Aa lug on one side of its pivotal mounting and a shoulder witha shoulder end on the other side of its Lpivotal mounting, a master member having a resi1i ent hookfshaped end for slidable engagement against said yshoulder to lirst move said bar to a blade opening position in one dir?- tio'n for release of said hook-shaped end eyond said shoulder Vend to permit of continued movement of `the master member in the same direction, said master member having an actuating edge for sliding engagement against'said lug to shift said' bai-'in a reverse direction vto close said blades during completion ci movement of the master member in one direction, `a shiftable pivotal mounting for the master member for vary ing the period of release between the hookshaped end and the shoulder end, and means for retrating the master member for springing said 4hook-shaped end over said shoul der into a starting. position, substantially as y described.

:7. In a photographic shutter device, e shutter, master operating means for actuating the said' shutter, a spring having one end connected with said master means to operate the latter, and means connected with the other end of said spring to vary the tension of the latter andalter the action of said master means, substantially as described.

8. n a photographic shutter, shutter blades, a dash-pot device, means normally 4moving said dash-pot device into a retracted position, and a blade operating member for engagement with said means to retard opening movement of said blades, substantially as described.

9. In a photographic shutter, shutter blades, a dasl1-pot device, a shutter blade` operating member, and means normally retracting. said dash-pot device andl disposed in ythe path ofsaid blade operating member for engagement ,thereby-to retard opening movementof said blades, substantially as described.

10. In a photographic shutter, shutter/ blades, al dash-pot device, a shutter blade operating member, means normally retract-I ing said dash-pot device and disposed in the path of said blade operating member for engagement thereby to retard4 opening movement of said blades, and means for adjusting said tirstnamedmeans to vary the action of the latter on said member, substantially as described. I

u device to normally retract the same ing an inclinedl modifying terminal,v ,A

" connected with said dash-pot defvlc `il. ln a photographic shutter, shutter. blades, an operating member for said blades'f a buffer vi'or cushioning movement f sa'i'd member, a, vdash-pot device, 'and ai "spring` having one end connected with said'vdevice'j '70 to normallyretract the latter and dispfiseii"y in the path of said member to retard Lopen@ ing movement of the blades, the remaining end of said spring engagingsaid butler, sub1 stantially as described. y

12. In a photographic shutter, l blades, an operating member for said blad a dash-pot device, av spring disposed; path of said member for retarding thes on opening movement of the blades, ,"sa spring being connected with said dash).

means for engagement at different point ,1 l said terminal to limit retractive moyenient of the dash-.pot deviceby said spring,

stantially as described. y.,

13. In a photographic -shutter.,f sl*itte blades,l an operating member for s'aidbla4 L a master member for actuatingy said opera,

.i 905 1n member a s rin0r for aetuatin said g 9 p a master member, a 4dash-pot device,-aspringt normally retreating said 'dash-pot devicefand.I` disposed in thepath of said operatingfinem-, ber to retard opening' movement fofiiithefgy: blades, and mechanism for varying,thejften-v-` sion of the master spring and` alteringthef; actionof the dash-p`ot spring, substantiall as described. f f" 14. In a photographic shutter, shutte lo blades, an operating memberl for saidbladesf a master member slidably engaging the/opratingmember and -releasable therefrom fon opening movement of tlre blades, aspring-F- for actuating said-master member, 'a'fdash pot device, a spring disposed in the pathio said operating member to retard blade operi` ing movement thereof and said sp "bei tract the same, and mechanism for the master memberto'varyf-the time` lease of the operating member' by thefgl member and varying' the tension-io i master operating spring and the fdas'l'ip" spiing, substantially as described. 'i

15. In a 'photographic shutter, shutter"- blades, an operating'member for said blades,

a master member slidably engaging the lating member Yand releasable therefrom on lopening movement of the blades, a spring for actuating said master member, adis' pot deviee, 'aspring'normally actingto r tract ,said dash-pot device and having inclined modifying terminal anda por of said spring lying inthe path of said y ating memberffto retard fblade opening movement-thereof, and a lpivotally mounted modifying Yelement pivotally s porting said master member and adapted or adjustment to\ shit the pivotal mounting of the `master 13| Y ment with member and alter the time of release engageniodifying member having a portion for engagement at different points on 'said' inclined terminal to vary retraction ot the dash-pot by its spring and thereby vary retarding action of said operating member by said spring, substantially as described.

16. In a photographic shutter, shutter blades, master operating means for operatlingsaid blades `.toward an opening movement, and modifying means for supporting and shifting said masterv means and engagn ing the same to arrest movement thereof` beyond a blade'opening position, substantially as described.

17. In a photographic shutter, shutter blades, master operating means for moving said blades vtoward an opening position, modifying means for supporting and shifting said master means, and a spring for effecting engagement of said modifying.l

means with 'd master means to arrest movement of the latter beyond a blade openingr position, substantially as described 18. In a photographic shutter f-trncture,a

' casing, a shutter device in said casing, shuti engagement with the camera casing to shift.

means in said casing having a swinging' arm movable across the exterior ofv said casing, a bell crankflever pivoted to swing abreastr of the exterior of said casing `and having one armfin sliding engagement with said .swinging arm, and operatingmeans on' the exterior of said casing connected with the other arm of said bell crank lever, substantially as described.lv

*19. In a folding camera ter operating p a camera casing, a shutter casing foldable into said camera casing, ashutter device in said shutter' casing including operating means,a swinging device exterio'rly disposed'on said 'shutter casing for adjusting said operating means for timed and snap shot exposures, said' swinging device having a portion projecting from the shutter casing when said Swix-.ging device is in a timed exposure 4adjustment i'orv said swinging device into a snap shot ad-' justinent when the shutter casing is folded into the camera casing, substantially as de-l scribed.

20. In a hotographic shutter device, a'

shutter, a [shutter voperating element',` a

spring in the path of said element to be 'engaged thereby for retarding actionof the shutteiga dash pot deviceconnected With;-

'said spring to be retracted thereby, and means for varying the retraction Vof said dash pot device to modify the action of said shutter, Asubstantially as described.

said operating member, said.

v#25..In a photographiccamera,

inganna ance device to vary the resistance thereof to the actionl of said element, substantially as described. i

22. In a photographic shutter device, pivn otally mounted devices-one slidably engaging and actuating the other,I a 'shutter connected for operation by the actuated device, and means for shifting the pivotal mount ing ofy one of said devices to vary the action of said devices with respect to each other thereby varying the action of said shutter device, substantially as described. u 23. Ina photographic shutter device, piv-' otally mounted devices one actuating -the other, a. shutter connectedfor operation by the actuated device, and means for shifting the pivotal mounting of one of said devices to vary the action 'of said devices with respect to each other thereby varying the operation of said. shutter device,r substantially as described. 24. In va photographic shutter device, movable devices one for actuating the other, a shutter connected with one of said'devices for operation thereby, land means'` for altering the operating :position-of one of said devices with respect to the other to vary the action osaid shutter device, substantially as described.

a shutter case, a shutter, operating means for the shutter including 'a master member, and manually adjustable means on the exterior of the. shutter case for shifting the master member to vary the action thereof, substantially as described..

26. In a photographic shutter' device, a shutter, master' liperating means for operating said shutter, a spring having one portion connected with said master1 means to f operate the latter, and. mechanism connected with another portion of the spring to vary the tension of the latter and alter the action of said master means, said mechanism being also connected with said mastcrmeans to shift the latter and vary the actionl thereof, substantially vas described. In testimony that I claim the foregoing my own, I hereby affix m y signature inthe presence of. yto .subscribing witnesses, this 4th da'yof April, 1914. y

p filfllrlhifLINDERy.A Witnessesz I Y -Hanonnv S(1Aivjrmaanm;,,A .l

ANSLEY Signor/i.y

vthe action of said devicesthereby varying j 

